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I'd recommend syncing down a copy of your production database, etc. locally to try to replicate the issue. At that point, you can either modify the local code for testing, or try to trigger a breakpoint at that location with Xdebug.
Your component code doesn't work because when you replace "Magento_Ui/js/form/form" with "Vendor_Module/js/form/form" in your map, "Magento_Ui/js/form/form" will reference "Vendor_Module/js/form/form" in your JS component. It's a circular reference.
