As of Magento 2.3 it is no longer best practice to use flat catalog at all.

Detailed info and justification for this is a little thin on the ground right now (updates should be made to answers here to reflect when more info is found.) Apparently, this is specifically *for* performance reasons. As this question is related to performance, this is relevant.

[![enter image description here][1]][1]


  [1]: https://i.sstatic.net/3YGyY.png

Whatever issues the Magento team have found with flat catalog must outweigh the benefits of converting EAV data to a flat structure.

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Some tweets that start to shed some light on this:

* https://twitter.com/JigneX/status/1167552039813038087
* https://twitter.com/theTiagoSampaio/status/1168938250989395969
* https://twitter.com/lorenzi_jo/status/1171145687171383297