You just need to add these files:

    ModuleVendor/ModuleName/view/frontend/layout/default.xml

or

    ModuleVendor/ModuleName/view/frontend/layout/<frontName>_<controllerName>_<actionName>.xml

File content:

    <page xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:View/Layout/etc/page_configuration.xsd">
        <head>
            <link src="ModuleVendor_ModuleName/js/my_js.js"/>
        </head>
    </page>

JS file:

    ModuleVendor/ModuleName/view/frontend/web/js/my_js.js

JS Content:

    require([
        "jquery"
    ], function($){
    //<![CDATA[
        $(document).ready(function() {
            console.log('jquery loaded with success!');
        });
    //]]>
    });

----

To add some **controller** or block you can add the JS content above using a PHTML:

    <referenceContainer name="before.body.end">
        <block class="\Magento\Framework\View\Element\Template" template="Namespace_Modulename::my_js.phtml" name="my_js"/>
    </referenceContainer>