Well , first of all, its not best practice to render blocks like that. The correct way is to add the blocks on the layout xmls like default.xml
.
For the problem you have, if you look in the layout file where it is getting declared /vendor/magento/module-checkout/view/frontend/layout/default.xml
you will see:
<referenceContainer name="header-wrapper">
<block class="Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Sidebar" name="minicart" as="minicart" after="logo" template="Magento_Checkout::cart/minicart.phtml">
<arguments>
<argument name="jsLayout" xsi:type="array">
<item name="types" xsi:type="array"/>
<item name="components" xsi:type="array">
<item name="minicart_content" xsi:type="array">
<item name="component" xsi:type="string">Magento_Checkout/js/view/minicart</item>
<item name="config" xsi:type="array">
<item name="template" xsi:type="string">Magento_Checkout/minicart/content</item>
</item>
<item name="children" xsi:type="array">
<item name="subtotal.container" xsi:type="array">
<item name="component" xsi:type="string">uiComponent</item>
<item name="config" xsi:type="array">
<item name="displayArea" xsi:type="string">subtotalContainer</item>
</item>
<item name="children" xsi:type="array">
<item name="subtotal" xsi:type="array">
<item name="component" xsi:type="string">uiComponent</item>
<item name="config" xsi:type="array">
<item name="template" xsi:type="string">Magento_Checkout/minicart/subtotal</item>
</item>
</item>
</item>
</item>
<item name="extra_info" xsi:type="array">
<item name="component" xsi:type="string">uiComponent</item>
<item name="config" xsi:type="array">
<item name="displayArea" xsi:type="string">extraInfo</item>
</item>
</item>
<item name="promotion" xsi:type="array">
<item name="component" xsi:type="string">uiComponent</item>
<item name="config" xsi:type="array">
<item name="displayArea" xsi:type="string">promotion</item>
</item>
</item>
</item>
</item>
</item>
</argument>
</arguments>
<container name="minicart.addons" label="Mini-cart promotion block"/>
</block>
</referenceContainer>
As you can see it has many arguments which needs to be included which you are not. Move the already available or create the same with different name and render it on a block you like.