Can't run composer command programmatically in magento 2

Question

I am using php shell_exec method to run the magento commands in my controller.

Below is my controller code.

<?php 
 namespace Vendor\Module\Controller\Adminhtml\Migrate;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 class Index extends \Magento\Backend\App\Action
{
 protected $resultPageFactory;
 protected $migrationHelper;
 protected $logger;

public function __construct(
    \Magento\Backend\App\Action\Context $context,
    \Magento\Framework\View\Result\PageFactory $resultPageFactory,
    LoggerInterface $logger
) {
    $this->resultPageFactory = $resultPageFactory;
    $this->logger = $logger;
    parent::__construct($context);
}

/**
 * Execute view action
 *
 * @return \Magento\Framework\Controller\ResultInterface
 */
public function execute()
{
    
    $commandCache = "php bin/magento cache:enable";
    shell_exec($commandCache); 
    
    try{
        $m2version = 2.3.4;
        $commandRepo = "composer config repositories.magento composer https://repo.magento.com";
        $this->logger->info('--commandRepo--'.$commandRepo);
        shell_exec($commandRepo);           
        $commandVersion = "composer require magento/data-migration-tool:".$m2version;
        shell_exec($commandVersion);
        
    }catch(\Exception $e){
        $this->logger->info('--exception--'.json_encode($e->getMessage()));
    }
  }
}

In the above code, cache enable command is working, but I am downloading data-migration tool using composer, but that command is not working, if I run the command manually in shell prompt, its working.

Is there anything else I have to make change?

Can someone please help me on this. Thanks in advance!!

Answer 1

Try this:

Step 1: Run which composer command directly on shell. You'll get something like

/usr/local/bin/composer

Step 2: In your controller code replace your composer require ... command with this one

cd /root/folder/of/magento && php -dmemory_limit=2G /usr/local/bin/composer require //package

If this doesn't work than I am afraid you might have to give your vendor folder permissions of 755 or 777 which is quiet risky.