if you don't explicitly configure it otherwise, the same object is shared everywhere. So basically, the same as a getSingletion in magento1
You can still configure constructor arguments not to be shared (if needed) in the di.xml like described here: http://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.0/extension-dev-guide/build/di-xml-file.html
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
<type name="Magento\Filesystem" shared="false">
<arguments>
<argument name="adapter" xsi:type="object" shared="false">Magento\Filesystem\Adapter\Local</argument>
</arguments>
</type>
in most cases, however, I think a factory is more suited to create a new object inside your class