Magento2: run cron job every minute

Question

System cron starts Magento 2 cron every minute:

$ crontab -l
*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/php /home/user/prj/mage2/bin/magento cron:run >> /home/user/prj/mage2/var/log/cron.log

I see new line Ran jobs by schedule. is added every minute into the log.

This is my settings for my task:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Cron:etc/crontab.xsd">
    <group id="default">
        <job name="my_own" instance="\Vendor\Module\Cron\Task" method="execute">
            <schedule>...</schedule>
        </job>
    </group>
</config>

These settings run my job every 15 minutes in fact (my own message is added every 15 minutes into the log):

<schedule>* * * * *</schedule>
<schedule>*/1 * * * *</schedule>

This is my log:

...
Ran jobs by schedule.
Ran jobs by schedule.
Ran jobs by schedule.
My own job is started.
Ran jobs by schedule.
...

These are Magento 2 cron settings:

How can I set <schedule> to run my task every 1 minute?

Answer 1

There are 2 groups in Magento 2 cron: index & default. Tasks/jobs are placed into index group will start every 1 minute (by default setup):

<group id="index">
    <job name="..." instance="..." method="...">
        <schedule>* * * * *</schedule>
    </job>
</group>

Tasks/jobs are placed into default group will start every 15 minutes (by default setup):

<group id="default">
    <job name="..." instance="..." method="...">
        <schedule>* * * * *</schedule>
    </job>
</group>

Answer 2

It appears that cron jobs in Magento 2 are limited by their settings defined in the cron group they belong to. I'm not sure if this is a bug or a feature.

Alex Gusev already points this out in his answer, but to clarify it a bit more: There are 2 cron groups by default in Magento 2: default and index. These are defined in Magento_Indexer/etc/cron_groups.xml and Magento_Cron/etc/cron_groups.xml. For example:

<group id="default">
    <schedule_generate_every>15</schedule_generate_every>
    <schedule_ahead_for>20</schedule_ahead_for>
    <schedule_lifetime>15</schedule_lifetime>
    <history_cleanup_every>10</history_cleanup_every>
    <history_success_lifetime>60</history_success_lifetime>
    <history_failure_lifetime>600</history_failure_lifetime>
    <use_separate_process>0</use_separate_process>
</group>

These cron group determine the default / global values of every cron job. I'm not sure how it works but according to my own tests you cannot set a cron to run more often per hour than determined in the schedule_generate_every-setting. So for example, if you have something like this:

<group id="default">
    <job name="custom_module" instance="Custom\Module\Cron\DoSomething" method="execute">
        <schedule>*/1 * * * *</schedule>
    </job>
</group>

Even though you might expect that this cronjob is scheduled every minute, it's global settings limit it to a minimum timeframe of 15 minutes.

To solve this, you can either:

• Edit the setting in the system configuration (Advanced → System → Cron), or:
• Override the global default in your module by adding a cron_groups.xml-file of your own (assuming that the client did not already tinker with the configuration settings):

Example config_groups.xml-file:

<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"            xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Cron:etc/cron_groups.xsd">
    <group id="default">
        <schedule_generate_every>1</schedule_generate_every>
    </group>
</config>

Bug? Feature? Misleading configuration setting? I'm not sure how to call this. You could argue that it's a good thing that you have a global scope that can limit 100+ modules to try to run a cron every minute. On the other hand: If I'm a developer who knows what he's doing, there might be good reasons to run every minute.

If running every minute is mandatory it might also be an idea to add a whole new cron group for your configuration (don't pollute the index-cron group with non-indexing cron jobs). But that's a matter of architecture and I'll leave that up to you.

Answer 3

To schedule once per minute, need to give

* * * * *

From Left to right, 1st star represents Minute(range: 0-59) 2nd represents Hour(range: 0-23) 3rd represents Day of the Month (range: 1-31) 4th represents Month of the Year (range: 1-12) 5th represents Day of the Week (range: 1-7, 1 standing for Monday)

Refer Link for cron timing : http://www.nncron.ru/help/EN/working/cron-format.htm

Reference Link for setting custom cron : http://www.dckap.com/blog/how-to-set-and-configure-custom-cron-jobs-in-magento-2/

Answer 4

It's not clear from your question which schedule you want, so here are both:

Every 1 minute:

* * * * *

Every 15 minutes:

*/15 * * * *

You may find this tool useful for creating/debugging cron schedules: https://crontab.guru/

Answer 5

Please Try

*/1 * * * *

for scheduling cron at each minute. You can check your cron entries in the cron_schedule table to see the scheduling entries done by Magento.

Answer 6

Please add * * * * * in your schedule tag in xml file.