One easy way to debug is: browse and open vendor/magento/module-config/Model/Config/Structure/Element/Iterator.php
change
public function setElements(array $elements, $scope)
{
$this->_elements = $elements;
$this->_scope = $scope;
if (count($elements)) {
$lastElement = end($elements);
$this->_lastId = $lastElement['id'];
}
}
to
public function setElements(array $elements, $scope)
{
$writer = new \Zend\Log\Writer\Stream(BP . '/var/log/config_debug.log');
$logger = new \Zend\Log\Logger();
$logger->addWriter($writer);
$this->_elements = $elements;
$this->_scope = $scope;
if (count($elements)) {
$lastElement = end($elements);
// Log last Element
$logger->info($lastElement);
$this->_lastId = $lastElement['id'];
}
}
or for magento +2.4
public function setElements(array $elements, $scope)
{
$writer = new \Zend_Log_Writer_Stream(BP . '/var/log/config_debug.log');
$logger = new \Zend_Log();
$logger->addWriter($writer);
$this->_elements = $elements;
$this->_scope = $scope;
if (count($elements)) {
$lastElement = end($elements);
// Log last Element
$logger->info($lastElement);
$this->_lastId = $lastElement['id'];
}
}
Reload browser configuration window and see once again the error.
Check var/log/config_debug.log file.
Go to very bottom of the file and see which module failed, where it stopped.
That's the one causing your issues.
Don't forget to rollback your changes once fixed.