If you want to override the template then you can use plugin

Create after Plugin getTemplate method on the class Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit

and use your template file as the alternative of default.phtml

Create di.xml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/etc/frontend/ for define the plugin class:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
    <type name="Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit">
      <plugin name="change_template_for_edit" type="{Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart\EditPlugin" sortOrder="1" disabled="false" />
    </type>
</config>

And finally, add the plugin class EditPlugin.php at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/Plugin/Cart

<?php
namespace {Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart;
class EditPlugin
{

       public function afterGetTemplate(
    \Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit $subject,
     $result
) { // use Own module edit.phtml
    return '{Vendorname}_{Modulename}::cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml';
}

}

Create a template file which is replicate of default edit.phtml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}//view/frontend/templates/cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml

If you want to override the template then you can use plugin

Create after Plugin getTemplate method on the class Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit

and use your template file as the alternative of default.phtml

Create di.xml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/etc/frontend/ for define the plugin class:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
    <type name="Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit">
      <plugin name="change_template_for_edit" type="{Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart\EditPlugin" sortOrder="1" disabled="false" />
    </type>
</config>

And finally, add the plugin class EditPlugin.php at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/Plugin/Cart

<?php
namespace {Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart;
class EditPlugin
{

       public function afterGetTemplate(
    \Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit $subject,
     $result
) { // use Own module edit.phtml
    return '{Vendorname}_{Modulename}::cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml';
}

}

Create a template file which is replicate of default edit.phtml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}//view/frontend/templates/cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml

If you want to override the template then you can use plugin

Create after Plugin getTemplate method on the class Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit

and use your template file as the alternative of default.phtml

Create di.xml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/etc/frontend/ for define the plugin class:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
    <type name="Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit">
      <plugin name="change_template_for_edit" type="{Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart\EditPlugin" sortOrder="1" disabled="false" />
    </type>
</config>

And finally, add the plugin class EditPlugin.php at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/Plugin/Cart

<?php
namespace {Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart;
class EditPlugin
{

    public function afterGetTemplate(
        \Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit,
        $result
    ) { // use Own module edit.phtml
        return '{Vendorname}_{Modulename}::cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml';
    }
}

Create a template file which is replicate of default edit.phtml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}//view/frontend/templates/cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml

If you want to override the template then you can use plugin

Create after Plugin getTemplate method on the class Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit

and use your template file as the alternative of default.phtml

Create di.xml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/etc/frontend/ for define the plugin class:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:ObjectManager/etc/config.xsd">
    <type name="Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit">
      <plugin name="change_template_for_edit" type="{Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart\EditPlugin" sortOrder="1" disabled="false" />
    </type>
</config>

And finally, add the plugin class EditPlugin.php at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}/Plugin/Cart

<?php
namespace {Vendorname}\{Modulename}\Plugin\Cart;
class EditPlugin
{

       public function afterGetTemplate(
    \Magento\Checkout\Block\Cart\Item\Renderer\Actions\Edit $subject,
     $result
) { // use Own module edit.phtml
    return '{Vendorname}_{Modulename}::cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml';
} 

}

Create a template file which is replicate of default edit.phtml at app/code/{Vendorname}/{Modulename}//view/frontend/templates/cart/item/renderer/actions/edit.phtml